\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{article}
\usepackage[includefoot,includehead,headheight=16pt,left=2.5cm,right=2.5cm,top=2cm,bottom=1.5cm]{geometry}
% Seitenränder
\IfFileExists{scrlayer-scrpage}{%
  \usepackage[headsepline,footsepline,automark,markcase=upper]{scrlayer-scrpage}
  \clearpairofpagestyles
}{
  \usepackage[headsepline,footsepline,automark,markuppercase]{scrpage2}
  \clearscrheadfoot
  \pagestyle{scrheadings}
}
\ohead{\headmark}
\ofoot[\pagemark]{\pagemark}
\pagestyle{plain}
\begin{document}
\section*{Declaration}
Bla bla
\newpage
\section*{Acknowledgments}
Bla blubb
\newpage
\tableofcontents
\newpage
\begin{abstract}
Bla Bla Abstract
\end{abstract}
\newpage
\pagestyle{scrheadings}
\section{Introduction}
\section{Materials}
usw.
\end{document}Und wenn Du schon ein KOMA-Script-Paket verwendest, kannst Du dann auch gleich darüber nachdenken, ob nicht eine KOMA-Script-Klasse eine gute Idee wäre. Beispielsweise:
\documentclass[a4paper,12pt,headsepline,footsepline]{scrartcl}
\usepackage[includefoot,includehead,headheight=15pt,left=2.5cm,right=2.5cm,top=2cm,bottom=1.5cm]{geometry}
% Seitenränder
\begin{document}
\section*{Declaration}
Bla bla
\newpage
\section*{Acknowledgments}
Bla blubb
\newpage
\tableofcontents
\newpage
\begin{abstract}
Bla Bla Abstract
\end{abstract}
\newpage
\pagestyle{headings}
\section{Introduction}
\section{Materials}
usw.
\end{document}\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{scrreprt}
\usepackage[includefoot,includehead,headheight=16pt,left=2.5cm,right=2.5cm,top=2cm,bottom=1.5cm]{geometry}
% Seitenränder
\IfFileExists{scrlayer-scrpage}{%
  \usepackage[headsepline,footsepline,automark,markcase=upper]{scrlayer-scrpage}
  \clearpairofpagestyles
}{
  \usepackage[headsepline,footsepline,automark,markuppercase]{scrpage2}
  \clearscrheadfoot
  \pagestyle{scrheadings}
}
\ohead{\headmark}
\ofoot[\pagemark]{\pagemark}
\pagestyle{plain}
\usepackage{blindtext}% Zu Demozwecken
\begin{document}
\chapter*{Declaration}
Bla bla
\chapter*{Acknowledgments}
Bla blubb
\tableofcontents
\addchap{\abstractname}
Bla Bla Abstract
\chapter{Introduction}
\pagestyle{scrheadings}
\blindtext
\chapter{Materials}
usw.
\blinddocument
\end{document}