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\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.text,backgrounds}

\newcommand*{\mytextstyle}{\sffamily\large\bfseries\color{black!85}}

\tikzstyle{zentr}=[shape=circle,draw=none,text=black,font=\Large\bfseries,minimum size=3cm]

\newcommand{\arcarrow}[8]{%
	% inner radius, middle radius, outer radius, start angle,
	% end angle, tip protusion angle, options, text
	\pgfmathsetmacro{\rin}{#1}
	\pgfmathsetmacro{\rmid}{#2}
	\pgfmathsetmacro{\rout}{#3}
	\pgfmathsetmacro{\astart}{#4}
	\pgfmathsetmacro{\aend}{#5}
	\pgfmathsetmacro{\atip}{#6}
	\fill[#7] (\astart:\rin) arc (\astart:\aend:\rin)
	-- (\aend+\atip:\rmid) -- (\aend:\rout) arc (\aend:\astart:\rout)
	-- (\astart+\atip:\rmid) -- cycle;
	\path[
			font = \sffamily, 
			decoration = {
				text along path, 
				text = {|\mytextstyle|#8},
				text align = {align = center}, 
				raise = -0.5ex}, 
				decorate]
	(\astart+\atip:\rmid) arc (\astart+\atip:\aend+\atip:\rmid);
}

\begin{document}
	\begin{tikzpicture}
		\node[zentr, align=center,fill=red!50] (Kreis) {Kreis};
		% Wegen des Foreneditors wird zwischen 8 und ) ein Leerzeichen eingefügt.
		\fill[even odd rule,red!30] circle (3.8 ) circle (3.2);
		\foreach \x\j in {
			0/Text falsch rum,
			90/Text falsch rum,
			180/Text richtig rum,
			270/Text richtig rum}
		{
		    \ifnum\x>90
		        \arcarrow{3}{3.5}{4}{\x+20}{\x+100}{5}
		            {red!50,draw = red!50!black, very thick}{\j};
			\else
			    \arcarrow{3}{3.5}{4}{\x+100}{\x+20}{5}
		            {red!50,draw = red!50!black, very thick}{\j};
			\fi
		}
	\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

\documentclass{scrartcl}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.text,backgrounds}
\newcommand*{\mytextstyle}{\sffamily\large\bfseries\color{black!85}}
\tikzstyle{zentr}=[shape=circle,draw=none,text=black,font=\Large\bfseries,minimum size=3cm]
\newcommand{\arcarrow}[8]{%
	% inner radius, middle radius, outer radius, start angle,
	% end angle, tip protusion angle, options, text
	\pgfmathsetmacro{\rin}{#1}
	\pgfmathsetmacro{\rmid}{#2}
	\pgfmathsetmacro{\rout}{#3}
	\pgfmathsetmacro{\astart}{#4}
	\pgfmathsetmacro{\aend}{#5}
	\pgfmathsetmacro{\atip}{#6}
	\fill[#7] (\astart:\rin) arc (\astart:\aend:\rin)
	-- (\aend+\atip:\rmid) -- (\aend:\rout) arc (\aend:\astart:\rout)
	-- (\astart+\atip:\rmid) -- cycle;
	\path[
			font = \sffamily, 
			decoration = {
				text along path, 
				text = {|\mytextstyle|#8},
				text align = {align = center}, 
				raise = -0.5ex}, 
				decorate]
	(\astart+\atip:\rmid) arc (\astart+\atip:\aend+\atip:\rmid);
}

\begin{document}
	\begin{tikzpicture}
		\node[zentr, align=center,fill=red!50] (Kreis) {Kreis};
		\fill[even odd rule,red!30] circle (3. circle (3.2);
		\foreach \x\j in {
			0/Text falsch rum,
			90/Text falsch rum,
			180/Text richtig rum,
			270/Text richtig rum}
		 	{\arcarrow{3}{3.5}{4}{\x+20}{\x+100}{5}{red!50,
				draw = red!50!black, very thick}{\j};
		}
	\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}