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\documentclass{standalone} 

\usepackage{pgfplots} 
\usepgfplotslibrary{polar} 
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.8} 

\begin{document} 
\thispagestyle{empty}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{polaraxis}[
	rotate=-90,
	ymax=60,
	height=7cm, width=7cm,
	colorbar,
	colormap={color}{color(0)=(white); color(1)=(blue)},
	colorbar shift/.style={xshift=0.0cm}, %Abstand colorbar
	colorbar/width=0.35cm, %Breite colorbar
	colorbar sampled={surf},
	colorbar style={
	ytick={0,20,40,60},
	tickwidth=0pt,
	tick style={color=white},
	faceted color=white, 
	ylabel={\rotatebox{-90}{$v\,\left[\frac{\mathrm m}{\mathrm s}\right]$}}, 			%z-Achsenbeschriftung 
	ylabel style={at={(-1.5,+1.1)}},
	y axis line style={draw opacity=0},
	colorbar sampled line=\marg{none}}, 
	xticklabel style={inner xsep=0pt,  circle,anchor=-\tick-(90)},
	yticklabel =\empty,
every axis/.append style={
        line width=0.1pt,
        tick style={line width=0.0pt}},
        grid style={line width=0.1pt, color=black},
	yticklabel style={faceted color=white,tickwidth=0pt,},
	xticklabel=$\pgfmathprintnumber{\tick}^\circ$, 
	x dir = reverse,
	xtick={0,30,...,330},
	] 
\addplot+[
   scatter,
   only marks,
   mark=*,
] 
plot coordinates  { 
   (0, 0)
   (45,   40 )
   (60,  45 )
   (70  , 10 )
   (30 ,  30 )
   (61,   55 )
   (61,   60 )
}; 
\end{polaraxis} 
\end{tikzpicture} 
\end{document}

\documentclass[a4paper]{article}

\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepgfplotslibrary{polar}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.8}

\begin{document}
\thispagestyle{empty}

\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{polaraxis}[colorbar]
\addplot+[
	scatter,
	only marks,
	point meta=\thisrow{windgeschwindigkeit}^3,
]
table {
	richtung windgeschwindigkeit
	45	40
	60  45
	70	10
	30	30
	61	55
};
\end{polaraxis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{polaraxis}
\addplot coordinates {(0,1) (90,1)
(180,1) (270,1)};
\end{polaraxis}
\end{tikzpicture}